SABBATH BIBLE STUDY

12-8

(2018)

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Compiled by JS Lowther

ReNEWed COVENANT Ministry

renewedcovenantministry.com

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Remember the Memorial

A compilation on the Sabbath and the New Moon

Compiled by JS Lowther

Forward

This winter (2017/18) I have received many questions, as well as received requests to explain how to observe the New Moon, and more importantly to show that the New moon is part of the Sabbath as commanded by the 4th Commandment. On that account this compilation of facts and evidence is offered. Some of the information in this study is overview, and those who keep up with Bro. JS Lowther’s material will have looked at it many times, and have heard it times uncounted, but repetition is an aid to memory.

Yet if some have not listened to the series “What is Time?” (which may be found at renewedcovenantministry.com), or have not looked at the study compilation “Sabbath Logic”, it would be an aid as well to help in reaping some of this information; however, noting is more important than a true study of the Word of YHWH God in the Sincerity of the heart of one pleading for instructions to behold wonderful things from God’s Law.

Because, of the Newness of thought that comes with this information when considering it from a 21^st century mind set and culture it is advantageous for the one considering the concept of a Lunar based Sabbath to take a good look at organic laws, specifically from Genesis 1 & 2 in a exploded method: taking time to consider these established principles of the rest of the Scriptural narrative and Law, it is for this reason the preface of this work is serving as well as the definition section for this compilation.

JS Lowther

Preface

Scripture Alone

(Sola Scriptora)

And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven

to divide the day from the night;

and let them be

for Signs, and for Seasons, and for Days, and Years:

Genesis 1:14

And on the seventh Day God ended his work which he had made;

and he Sabbathed on the seventh Day from all his work which he had made.

And God blessed the seventh Day, and sanctified it:

Because in it he had Sabbath from all his work which God created and made.

Genesis 2:2-3

Remember the sabbath Day, to keep it holy.

Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:

But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God:

in it thou shalt not do any work,

thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter,

thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle,

nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:

Exodus 20:8-10

It is a Sign between me and the children of Israel for ever:

for in six Days YHWH made heaven and earth,

and on the seventh Day he Sabbathed, and was refreshed.

Exodus 31:17

Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them,

the Seasons of YHWH ye shall proclaim to be holy convocations,

these are My Seasons.

Six Days shall work be done:

but the Seventh Day is the Sabbath of Sabbath, an holy convocation;

ye shall do no work: it is the Sabbath of YHWH in all your dwellings.

Leviticus 23:2-3

Pay attention to the English words above.

Use a concordance and look up the Hebrew and Greek meanings, and continue to do so through out the Scriptures that follows.

Below are James Strong’s Lexicon of the Hebrew Language

The Hebrew characters have been corresponded to Phonetic English equivalent using capitol Roman lettering for direct correspondence.

Signs (H226- אות– owth / AUTh- related to H225/H853[- את– AyTh– Apparently contracted from H226 in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely): – (As such unrepresented in English / with the exception of the word “that”.] (in the sense of appearing); a signal, as a ensign, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc.: – mark, miracle, (en-) sign, token.)

Seasons (H4150- מועדה מעד מועד– mo-ade / MUOD/ MUD- From H3259; properly an appointment, that is, a fixed time or season; specifically a festival; conventionally a year; by implication, an assembly (as convened for a definite purpose); technically the congregation; by extension, the place of meeting; also a signal (as appointed beforehand): – appointed (sign, time), (place of, solemn) assembly, congregation, (set, solemn) feast, (appointed, due) season, (set) time (appointed). This Very important word shall be dealt with in detail below.

Days H3117- יום– yôm / YUM-From an unused root meaning to be hot; a day (as the warm hours), whether literally (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figuratively (a space of time defined by an associated term), (often used adverbially): – age, day, days …(process of) time,

Years ( H8141- שׁנה– shânâh / SaNEh- from H8138 (to fold, that is, duplicate (literally or figuratively; by implication to transmute (transitively or intransitively): – do (speak, strike) again, alter, double;) a year (as a revolution of time).

In Light of the Evidence

By reading the a fore listed verses of Gen 1:14-18 to Genesis 2:2-3, and then to Exodus 20:8-11, and that to Exodus 31:13, and that to Leviticus 23 a pattern should appear based upon Scripture Alone (Sola Scriptora), to teach us to pay attention to the lights in the heaven for the determination of time as it pertains to the creator and His worship, as well as to the creation and their worship of the creator. Time is among the most universal aspects of life, no mater who you are or where you are, or what you are, as a creation you and all things are subject to time, and by such indisputable facts it is irrefutable that as Genesis 1 declares, that subjection is the Rule given to the lights of Heaven by the Creator. Thus, as those who are subject to time, when we chose to redeem that time with Godly Worship, such worship must be allocated by the Law of the Creator as it has been revealed both in the observable heavens and in the revealed Word as found in the Scriptures. We may by using God’s decreed and established ordinances of the Heavens as will never pass away (PS 147) to understand from our location the necessary subjection we must bring ourselves under to align our selves with the the Law of He Who Is (YHWH) God. We have not been left ‘in the dark’ in regards to the prescription of the Sabbath, rather our self will blinds our eyes lest the Eternal light shine to bright.

To the prior point Psalm 104:19 may be understood in the context of the preceding Law which David would have written in accordance with:

Psa_104:19 He appointed the moon for seasons (עשה ירח למועדים) : the sun knoweth his going down.

It is reasonably noted that מועדים / MUODIM is not always in reference to the Sabbath or Feasts, nevertheless, the Sabbath as a MUOD(IM) is always appointed by the function of the moon.

To the contrary, try and keep track of 1 day of choice from the modern ‘week’ of the Gregorian calendar system by using the moon, it will only work for a lunation (Month). It will become apparently obvious that the two systems are not in accord, afact easily seen when considering the Gregorian date of the Catholic festival of Easter. Easter seemingly ‘moves’ from date to date, this is however due to the hybrid nature of Easter as we know it, being part Grego-pagan – based on the 7 day’s of the accepted western week and part psudo-Jewish- based on the accepted 18 year lunar average cycle of the Jews.

Now Rather consider a purely biblical calendar which is in alignment with the heavenly Lights, it is the moon which is used to determine all the appointed Feasts of YHWH God including the Sabbath as seen easily seen in Lev 23 as the first Feast described.

It is important to remember that the English word ‘Feast ‘ as used in the KJV is synonymous with the English word ‘Season(s)’, both are translated from the same Hebrew word MUOD or a variation thereof. This harmony recognizes the MUOD(IM) as being dictated and determined by the moon and sets the system for the following Appointed Feast (MUOD(IM) and Assemblies (cHaG) of Holy Convocation spoken of in Lev 23 by the patterned days of the month: 1st day / 14-15th/21-22nd which through out the Scripture are called Sabbath days.

As seen prior, and that which is an easy point of confusion in the KJV and others translations, The word ‘Feast(s)’ has two different underlying Hebrew words from which it is translated from, but those words are distinct: מועד / MUOD and חג / cHaG. This newly introduced word, cHaG generally follows with the name of the feast, such as ‘The Feast’ of unleavened bread, or ‘The Feast’ of Tabernacles’ .

Seeing the Appointed Seasons and Signs in the lights of Heaven

The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament sheweth his handywork.

Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night sheweth knowledge.

There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not heard.

Their line is gone out through all the earth, and their words to the end of the world…

The Law of YHWH is Perfect,

Converting the soul:

The Testimony of YHWH is Sure, making Wise the simple.

This calendar system described in the verses read prior to this point are able to be seen and constructed by paying attention to it’s order; Psalm 19 tells us that the Heavenly firmament utters a speech and knowledge. The language of the Heavens must then be interpreted through the Scripture to form the foundation of the Natural Heavenly order YHWH has set to decree (Psa_148:1-9) and declare HIS Word through out all the earth accordingly. A large dose of natural reality is the primal tools by which one applies understanding and knowledge, in other words, for one who is unwilling to observe the natural pattern of the creation order set in the lights of heaven as a Testimony to it’s use and concede that God has created the heavenly order which is justifiably God ordained on account of His creation Word alone, their intrinsic nature yet nonetheless established by the written Word of Scriptural Testimony, with out that concession this knowledge is of no bearing, the law of God in and of it self becomes abstract and arbitrary having no firm foundation. Yet for those who do concede to the fact of the creation order and to that concession, the Testimony of the the heavens may be applied to the Scripture to straightly conclude that the Moon’s function in the determination of GOD’s very own Appointed Times, the Speech of the moon as a Heavenly Appointee decrees it’s own testimony for a declaration of the times according to it’s Ordained Order.

Day…a Time Zone

In our modern word men have imagined a non-intrinsic line which has been carefully placed and zigzagged around any lands (such as the Island of Tonga) which it may divide and cause two different days ‘by name’ to occur on the same day’ by sun light’, this line is called the “International date line” it is used to interface with time zones, it is the dividing line men have imagined into recognized existence to cross from one date into another according to the International Calendar called The Gregorian .

Yet in a light based calendar, a date line is never international, you could never cross the line and pass into one day and then put the boat into reverse and go back in to the date you came out of! Rather, a very simple yet God ordained and controlled action separates days, and that separation happens in the literal day you are in.

Just as our modern mind understands the idea of `time zones’ so must the Genesis established mind understand this idea as a concept in a biblical world view by understanding and observing Day and Evening.

To the point right division must be had in order to determine the times of the Sabbaths, to fit into the proper division of days in our specific locality as determined from evening to morning and evening again. Remembering the first mentioned portion of time division Days / Yom (s). This first aspect of the lights are inculcated into the total formula I the dictates of the Sabbath and or the New MOON.

There are two types of ‘days’ (Hebrew:YoM(IM):

1. The whole Day: YoM (Evening to evening ‘the 24hr’ day)

2. The light period of Day: YoM

Gen_1:5 shows both the above.

And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night.

And the evening and the morning were the first day.

Seen in the operation of the lights of heaven in the prior 2 points both types of Day are present, Gen 1:5 has the functionary nature of the lights built into the function itself.

Evening and morning are the ordained order of heavenly time as the division of day from night and from day to day, this will happen with in our own locality.

Psalms 104:23 tells that:

(23) Man goeth forth unto his work and to his labor until the evening (ערב / ORaB)

This is not to say that Psalm 104:23 is a direct reference to the Sabbath, but rather to show that every day men normally stop their labor when the dusk of evening sets in, Yet in this same way the 6th day of the week preceding the Sabbath day would end ones labors for the week in Sabbath rest.

The line -Evening

For confirmation that ORaB is referring to Dusk we may also consider:

Proverbs 7:9 In the twilight, in the evening (ערב / ORaB), in the black and dark night:

Nehemiah 4:21 So we laboured in the work: and half of them held the spears from the rising of the morning till the stars appeared.

As well many obvious observation may be seen in the text of Scripture to this point, but it is this simple logic conveyed in these two verses which help to describe Evening from a Biblical perspective. That is when the stars appear, also called twilight or Evening, that is a blending or mixing of light and dark.

In the understanding of a Day, it’s end and beginning can bee clearly seen in Genesis 1, but most importantly this point must be understood by a collective civil body called a Church, with Elders to judge and establish the concept of Days and by such a basis for the MUOD(I) for the local Congregation’s worship for the appointed Seaosns: Sabbath, New Moon and Feast days, a determination which only stands as true when established on the Law of God in harmony with the Appointing of the moon’s seasons with in the Year, to determine what Days the Moon is Appointing as the MUOD(I) of YHWH according to Leviticus 23.

Refresher:

If the words season and feast are both translated from the same Hebrew root word ‘MUOD’, and the lights in the heaven are for seasons (Gen 1:14-18), and seasons are appointed by the moon (Psa_104:19), and the Sabbaths are feasts (Lev 23), and the weekly 7^th Day Sabbath sets the (cHaG) feasts that are proclaimed by the Seasons, then the system is to be used as one and the same as YHWH God has Appointed; Moreover if the covenant Sabbath sign as described in Exodus 31:13-17, are the literal signs of the moon’s seasons to be proclaimed by local congregations who share in the same day period from evening to evening for assembly, then the Signs seen in the moon show Seasons or Feasts, and according to the Sun’s agricultural seasons throughout the year the days are assembled upon.

The Sabbath- The Week’s End

In observation of the moon and it’s ‘season’ it will be observed that the moon’s weekly progression, progresses in “phases” which are spaced at a 7 day interval causing ample evidence for the moon’s plural MUOD(IM) of Psalm 104:19 to be used to appoint the MUOD(I) of Lev 23:2’s personal season or feasts of YHWH to be proclaimed by the children of Israel, a proclamation which would be proclaimed according to the Heavenly event which literally happens every month and remembered by a Sign every week/sabbath.

Verily my sabbaths ye shall keep:

for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations;

that ye may know that I YHWH doth sanctify you.

Exodus 31:13

From the Moon is the Sign of Feasts…

Functionally, The apocryphal book of the Wisdom of Jesus the son of Sirach 43:6-10 presents an ancient perspective of a post captivity Israelite, having his text in the LXX Greek we have the ability to also understand this perspective. While some may not respect the books labeled Apocrypha as canon, they must be at least regarded as presenting an ancient perspective; Jesus son of Sirach put it thus as pertaining to the heavenly function:

6 He made the moon also to serve (appear) in her season for a declaration of times, and a sign of the world.

7 From the moon is the sign of feasts, a light that decreaseth in her perfection.

8 The month is called after her name, increasing wonderfully in her changing (Hebrew word for month: cHoDeSh) being an instrument of the armies (Camp pitched) above, shining in the firmament of heaven;

9 The beauty of heaven, the glory of the stars, an ornament, giving light to the highest places of the Lord

10 At the commandment of the holy one they will stand in their order, and never faint in their watches.

One of the ways we can be sure that Sirach originally wrote this book in Hebrew, is that he him self admits so in the opening of this book which was copied by Jesu(s) Sirach’s son. Moreover, in this section the Hebrew word for month is being spoken of and not the Greek (men/month) in regards to the word ‘month’, yet Sirach’s writing is only found at this time in the Greek Septuagint: The Hebrew word on the other hand is cHoDeSh / חדשׁ , meaning to renew: ( Strong’s #H2320-חדשׁ-From H2318-to be new; causatively to rebuild; the new moon.)

From the wisdom of Sirach, we see not only the clock work or the moon but that of the stars with it in the back drop. The moon traveling through the stars in the firmament of Heaven is seen as a camp on high standing watch. The moon and stars work together in Sirach’s mind, and the moon is no doubt the “sign / σημεῖον (LXX ^G4592) of the feasts / ἑορτῆς (LXX ^G1859), among those “feasts” of the post captivity Israelite’s was the weekly Sabbath / seventh day as the Law in Leviticus 23 has commanded.

In relation to this point is to show the Greek text of Sirach to use the same words used as in the Septuagint LXX of Lev 23 for (feasts / ἑορτῆς (^G1859) and in Exo_31:13-17 ( sign /σημεῖον (^G4592). Some may prefer to make no connection to these Greek words, but the evidence is becoming overwhelming.

As the moon makes declaration of time, it must therefore be a declaration of the week and thus of the Sabbath.

The Declaration

If Lev_23:1-12 seats the Sabbath as a Feast and / or Season, and names specific Sabbaths of Convocation or cHaG, as are named, the Sabbaths with in it should be able to show the weekly seventh day by a holistic pattern or system (simple Algebra):

Starting with the earliest daily date given in the list, to allow Sirach’s statement explain it self, Considert the feasts of the 1^st month, on the 14^th day at even is reckoned as the 15^th day of the month, just as the 21^st at even is the 22^nd day at evening as well, yet this shows the order of Sabbatical observation in relation to the lunar month. Also, as seen in the first month so is the 7^th month, yet this Month begins it’s explanation from the 7^th New Moon called The Feast of Trumpets which is the 1^st day of the 7^th month. Directly after this date the next date in the 7^th month is the again the 15^th day with the 22^nd following and ending the Feast of Tabernacles. This Law of Seasonal Rememberance was placed in the Law for our instruction and furnishing (1 Tim 3:16), the lesson is to see Israel’s Feasts as the key to YHWH’s Calendar which is Observably seen throughout the earth and declared from the heavens.

Special Notice: “at even(ing)” reckoning brings in understanding the daily use of evening throughout the Scriptures and specifically in Leviticus 23 these two ways are referenced to show how there are two ways to understand the same day using the evening time zone.

Remember / זכור

(ZiKUR)

The Sabbath day, to keep it holy…

by THE

NEW MOON

Num 10:2 Make thee two trumpets of silver; of a whole piece shalt thou make them: that thou mayest use them for the calling of the assembly, and for the journeying of the camps.

Num 10:3 And when they shall blow with them, all the assembly shall assemble themselves to thee at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

Num 10:4 And if they blow but with one trumpet, then the princes, which are heads of the thousands of Israel, shall gather themselves unto thee.

…

Num_10:10 Also in the day of your gladness, and in your solemn days, and in the beginnings of your months, ye shall blow with the trumpets over your burnt offerings, and over the sacrifices of your peace offerings; that they may be to you for a memorial (זכרון /ZiKRUN) before your God: I am the LORD your God.

The trumpet was blown to assemble the people, a fact attested to in the Memorial of the blowing of the trumpet on the 1st day of the 7th month, the Feast of Trumpets prior discussed:

Lev 23:24 Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, In the seventh month, in the first day of the month, shall ye have a sabbath, a memorial of blowing of trumpets, an holy convocation.

Two things should be noted:

1^st. The1st day (new moon) of the 7th month is a memorial of the blowing of the trumpets.

2^nd. A Trumpet is commanded to blown on every 1st day of the month, (begging of the month or New moon)

Many arguments are fueled by the questions address below:

Q. why would YHWH recommend a sabbath on a new moon if every new moon is a ‘Sabbath’ and has already been a ‘sabbath’ since creation?

A. The evidence from the text ALSO commands that the trumpet be blown as a MEMORIAL on the new moon this was to be done according to Numbers 10:10 EVERY new moon, thus the same answer is found in the text for both questions, it is because it is for a Memorial, that is so Israel Remembers:

H2146 זכרון / ZiKRUN From H2142; ZiKUR the two words are the same, one being the memorial or remembrance it self, the other being the remembering.

At this point there should be no doubt that the reason for ZiKUR’s use is in connection with:

Exo 20:8 Remember (ZiKUR) the sabbath day, to keep it holy.

Exo 20:9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:

Exo 20:10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God…

As the scope of Leviticus 23 is the Sabbatical Feasts in it Yearly cycle, thus

The 4th commandment could just as well say make Memorialize the sabbath day to keep it holy…

The law of the feast of trumpets is the template to Memorialize or Remember the new moon’s role in the Sabbath.

The below monthly sabbath cycle of 9 example months are a common way the sabbath may cause remembrance by the new moon.

It is important to remember that the 4th Commandment does not legislate 1 day of sabbath / rest, but 6 days of work, thus the Biblical and Heavenly culture engendered by the Law of YHWH God looks at the week as to include the extended feastival holiday of the New Moon from the 28th day at evening, the 29th day until the end or evening of the 1st day or New Moon, this causes the work week to pick back up on the 2nd day of the month Every Month to continue the specified 6 day work week the newt 4 weeks.

That which is underlined are Sabbaths ‘week-ends’, which include the New moon.

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 2 8 29 30 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15

16 17 18 19 20 21 22

Though the New Moon starts the New Month it is the end of the Week and part of the Sabbath and not one of the 6 work days.

CHART

This is only an example of six lunar months with the Sabbath being remembered.

By using the lunar cycle according to the template given in Leviticus 23, particularly in reference to the memorial of the New Moon of the 1st day and the continuation of the 7 day weeks unto the 15th day and then the 22nd day of the month for the weekly Sabbath, albeit to set the feasts of Israel, it as well shows the Heavenly decreed, yet biblically grounded Calendar of every sign, season, day and year.

Remembering the end of the working week by Sabbath every month evidently includes the time of the New Moon following the 29th day, a continuation of the 7 day week proceeding the 22nd day prior mentioned. and this in conjunction with the 4^th Commandment are we able to see the value of the new moon as not only a transition from new month to new month but as a Remembrance point for the weekly Sabbath, and seeing the Sabbath it self as a completion or a fulfillment of time; and thus, in effect the feast of the new moon is seen as the sabbath to the month it self as it’s end, followed by the first day of the moonth, the new moon of the next month come, it is a rest and a new beginning in keeping the sabbath regulated. As well in this way is the Commandment strictly followed, 6 days shalt thou work…with only one exception on the day of soul affliction of the 10^th day of the 7^th month, the day of Atonement is the only day in the Whole Year that will have a Sabbath of rest out side of the lunar cycle, which due to it’s afflictive nature stands to reason. Unlike using a non-light based day, such as ‘saturn’s day or sun’s day’ allowing the appointed seasons of the moon will not break the fourth Commandment.

Shew Bread

Shows the Sabbath

The law recognized the New Moon as part of the Sabbath of the people of Israel, the show bread alter witnesses this through out Scripture, starting in the Law the New Moon and the Sabbath are the day(s) mentioned for the setting out of the shew bread. This is yet another element to prove the ordering and to ‘shew’ the formula from the all of the prior mentioned verses based upon Genesis Organic Laws of the 4^th creation day with the Commandments and statutes of the 4^th Commandment as a way to know the Realistic Word of God.

• Lev_24:5-9 :Shew bread to be set in order on the Sabbath

And thou shalt take fine flour, and bake twelve cakes thereof… And thou shalt set them in two rows, six on a row, upon the pure table before YHWH. And thou shalt put pure frankincense upon each row, that it may be on the bread for a memorial, even an offering made by fire unto YHWH. Every sabbath he shall set it in order before YHWH continually, being taken from the children of Israel by an everlasting covenant… (Lev_24:5-9)

• Exo_40:17-24: Shew bread to be set in order on the New Moon

And it came to pass in the first month in the second year, on the first day of the month (And it came to pass in the first month, in the second year after their going forth out of Egypt, at the new moon

Moses reared up the tabernacle…And he put the table in the tent of the congregation, upon the side of the tabernacle northward, without the vail. And he set the bread in order upon it before YHWH; as YHWH had commanded Moses…

(Exo_40:17-24 Brenton-LXX)

1Sa 20:5 And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at even.

1Sa 20:18-19 Then Jonathan said to David, To morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty. And when thou hast stayed three days, then thou shalt go down quickly, and come to the place where thou didst hide thyself…

1Sa 20:24 So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.

1Sa 20:25 And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul’s side, and David’s place was empty.

1Sa 20:27 And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month…KJV

(Scholars and professers of the Hebrew text as well as Jerome’s Vulgate written in Latin agree to the understanding which is present in the Bishops Bible, as follows:

1Sa_20:27 But on the morowe, whiche was the second day of the newe moone, Dauids place was emptie againe …

The Hebrew text reads החדשׁ ^{the new moon / the month +} השׁני the second

In other words, the Hebrew text does not use the common expression generally used throughout the Hebrew Text. Just to head off opposition: this exact Hebrew phrase is used to refer to the literal ‘Second month’ 4 times in scripture, but the context of 1 Samuel 20:27 is entirely unable to accommodate this meaning, as the context shows an obvious 2 days David missed meat, as well as the time scheduled by David and Johnathan.

In the Hebrew Scriptures the day of the month is preceded or succeeded by the number or name of the month, as is seen in the following two examples:

Lev_23:34 Speak to the children of Israel, saying, On the fifteenth day of this seventh month, there shall be a feast of tabernacles seven days to the Lord.

1Ki_12:32 And Jeroboam ordained a feast in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month, like unto the feast that is in Judah, and he offered upon the altar. So did he in Bethel, sacrificing unto the calves that he had made: and he placed in Bethel the priests of the high places which he had made.

The Next part of the Story

1Sa_21:4-6 : Shew Bread Set in order after a 2 day New Moon

1Sa 21:5 And David answered the priest, and said unto him, Of a truth women have been kept from us about these three days, since I came out, and the vessels of the young men are holy, and the bread is in a manner common, yea, though it were sanctified this day in the vessel. So the priest gave him hallowed bread: for there was no bread there but the shew-bread, that was taken from before YHWH, to put hot bread in the day when it was taken away.

(1Sa 21:4-6 KJV)

When seeing that the men had kept themselves from women for three days, we know from the previous chapter that it was on account of the Sabbath and New Moon, especial to the sacrificial aspect which was being administrated at that time, yet in this instance. This is evidence to the point that the New moon of 1 Samuael 20 was in conjunction with the Sabbath of Leviticus 24 in support of Exodus 40.

Extra food for thought

Christ picking Grain on a New Moon Sabbath?

Luk 6:1 And it came to pass on the second sabbath after the first, (see chart on a 29th day sabbath followed by the 1st day of New Moon)

that he went through the corn fields; and his disciples plucked the ears of corn, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands.

Luk 6:2 And certain of the Pharisees said unto them, Why do ye that which is not lawful to do on the sabbath days?

Luk 6:3 And Jesus answering them said, Have ye not read so much as this, what David did, when himself was an hungred, and they which were with him;

Luk 6:4 How he went into the house of God, and did take and eat the shewbread, and gave also to them that were with him

How to Observe the New Moon as part of the Sabbath

Remembering the Sabbath to understand the New Moon, And in symbiosis, we must Remember the New Moon to know the Sabbath;

In this way Genesis 2 shows us that the first sabbath available for man based on God’s light time is the first sabbath after ‘In the beginning’ or in Hebrew the ‘B’RoSth’, that is ‘In the Head’ of time, the New Moon in Hebrew is also called the RoS H’cHoDeS or ‘Heading the Renewed Moon’ which as the hands of a clock easily give example, the New Moon preceded the first day of creation which occurred before the first working day of God in direct harmony with the prior sentiment of the workings of the Monthly Sabbath.

Thus, Adam man had reckoned time from the 8th day if the account is to be taken literal, the first Sabbath seen by Adam Man was the first quarter / waxing half moon.

If we as Adam were to start looking at the weeks from the half moon as the first sabbath sign, we would then have the following Sabbath as a full moon, and the next weekly Sabbath as a last quarter / waning half moon, the final weekly Sabbath to come is that of the waning crescent in continuance with new moon.

As seen in the Example chart of the Monthly Sabbath, the Sabbath in connection with the Feast of the New Moon may cause the Feast to last 3 or 2 days, that is 1 day given for the weekly Sabbath on the 29th day of the month in connection with either 1 day of New Moon on the 1st day of the next month after the 29th day of the last, OR a 30th day of celebration in connection with the last Sabbath of the month as well adjoined to the 1st day of the Month, resembling a 3 day weekend, only with the work week resuming thereafter with the Commanded 6 days of labor.

David and Johnathan knew the coming week end had a 3 day observation, 29th, 30th and 1st day before it had happened, how did they know that, they didn’t wait to see the crescent to make plans, there was no NASA, no calendar from the bank or an app?

They used knowledge and understanding, we are in need of today.

HERE is a POSSIBLE way they predicted the duration of the coming New Moon before it happens from a simple and ancient perspective: This particular approach assumes an individual is away from an observant local Assembly (this would not be the case with David and Johnathan).

The observant can start at what ever sign he see’s in the heavens prior to the last quarter / waning crescent and the New Moon, mark the first quarter and /or the full moon as Sabbath. Using the day of whatever sign (half or full) as the weekly Sabbath falling within the day between the two evening, one evening to begin and the following to end the Sabbath day of that quarterly sign (half or full moon). There after the observant should work for six days and rest one thereafter for Sabbath. The prior described seven day week is followed up to the last quarter / waning half moon: The moon will Not be seen in the evening sky during this Sabbath day, rather it will be seen at night, from solar marked midnight untill solar marked noon (not according to your wall clock!) of the Sabbath day, it is at the prior described time when the moon is observed that one may notice if the moon has a pronounced bulged (having more light) or is pronounced Concave (having less light), there will also be times which are very close to a near half and in such cases further judgment must be used.

Yet for the obvious:

• In the case of the Sabbath moon having a pronounced concave sign it is generally safe to assume that the next Sabbath to come after six working days will be followed by 1 day of New Moon Celebration, thus the 29th and the 1st day are connected as a ‘two day week end’.

• In the case of the Sabbath moon observation on the same last quarter / waning half moon has a pronounced bulge in it the sign it is generally safe to assume that the next Sabbath to come after six working days will be followed by the Sabbath on the 29th day followed in connection with 2 days of Celibration on the 30th and the 1st day, giving a ‘3 day week end’, there after the 2nd day of the month after the New Moon week end will begin as always the work week of 6 working days according to the 4th Commandment.

• Caution!

If the first crescent moon is seen in the westward evening sky AT EVENING the feast and celebration of the New Moon is over and on the very next day (after evening) working days commence for 6 days there after reestablish the system for the next four weeks (6 working days and 1 sabbath day, with the final Sabbath day being intimately and insuperably connected to the New Moon).

• It is worthy to note that, due to the ancient ways of observing the moon as to determine the coming calendar month, the day predicted by the method described to be the 30th day Must have been kept as part of the Sabbath, this would allow for the sighting of the first crescent in the evening sky which would signal the end of the New Moon festival, as described. Thus causing the day presumed to be the 30th to be in actuality the 1st and as such, it was rather the beginning of the month to come.

• Now that we have have modern technology it raises many questions as far what day is the new moon, especially when the conjunction, that is when the moon is exactly in alignment with the sun, if that is the exact time of new moon (HoDeSh)? The technical questions arise from thinking of the moon as the hands of a clock, and this is a perfectly acceptable way to arrange the thoughts in our mind, as long as we remember that multiple hands on the heavenly clock to not align as our man made clock; rather on the heavenly clock, one hand will pass it’s appointed point (evening, new moon, new year), but the reckoning is not reckoned until all the hands have passed the appointed time as well.

In other words, if the New moon occurs early in the day, that day it occurs on is accounted as the last day of the last month, while After evening comes the new moon or new month; as well if we were to be considering the new year, it would not commence until the last day of the last month of the prior year was ended.

Technology, such as calculation, programs and now common Apps make reckoning the New Moon so easy, but it is important to not forget that we must not surrender the knowledge and understanding by which we observe the Heavens to a calculator.

List of new moon / sabbath

2 Kings 4:23;

1 Chronicles 23:31;

2 Chronicles 2:4; 8:13; 31:3;

Nehemiah 10:33;

Isaiah 1:13; 66:23;

Ezekiel 45:17; 46:1,3;

Hosea 2:11;

Amos 8:5;

Colossians 2:16;

Judith 8:6;

1 Maccabees 10:34;

Continued Logic to consider

In trying to understand the connection between the moon and the sabbath we must see that the root words for the word sabbath and seven / sabyoy are in the understanding of

These are the Strong’s numbers for the word שׁבת SaBaTh

(Here is an example of a composite definition, in so much as all the listed words are in essence the same in meaning, having no difference in the ancient texts): H7674, H7675, H7676: H7673 שׁבת saw-bath’ A primitive root; to repose, that is, desist from exertion; properly session, Infinitive of H3427 (ישׁב ya-shab-To sit down (specifically as judge, in ambush, in quiet); by implication to dwell, to remain; causatively to settle, to marry: – (make to) abide (-ing), continue, (cause to, make to) dwell (-ing), ease self, endure, establish) ,rest, interruption, cessation: – cease, sit still, loss of time…

Notice that the general meaning is to “stop where you are” or “settle down”.

Said above is that ya-shab is the infinitive, that is the action of the verb, and thus S(h)aB being the root, and common parent word of both sab(b)ath and Ya-shab: This then leads us to: שׂבע– S(h)aBA / S(h)aBO being numbered : H7646, H7647, H7648, H7649 / H7650, H7651 / H7620 , H7637.

The first four numbers are understood to mean: being full, filled or satisfied: full of year or days, satisfied with bread, etc…

The meaning above as the parent word should make perfect sense in the composite understanding, that is when one”settles down”, as when he is “full of year or days” as in when one is older, as well as when he is full in the sense of being satisfied in life.

Relating to our topic: The seventh day or rather the last / fulfillment of a week: H7620 –שׁבוּע / שׁבע– S(h)aBWA/ S(h)aBA – Properly passive participle of H7650 as a denominative of H7651; literally sevened, that is, a week (specifically of years): – seven, week.

The word S(h)aBoWA listed above is used in many different contexts, most dealing with what we call in English ‘weeks’, yet the biblical Hebrew understanding of a S(h)aBWA is not that which a week represents in the ‘calendar’ system of the modern world: a seven day count. Rather it is a fullness or completion of a portion of time, and as so it represents a very important point of this compilation, that is that the Sabbath is an oath God has sworn. The number H7637 – שׁבעי / שׁביעי – S(h)aBYAY / S(h)aBAY –Ordinal from H7657; seventh. This word which is closely related to it’s partner S(h)aBWA in the above word groups.שׁביעי is the very word used in Gen 2:2-3 as well as in vertually every place the words “seventh day/ month/ year” occur, the word is used and rendered “swore / swear”, mentioned above, Gen 50:5, Ex 13:19 are a couple easy to see examples of the many times it is thus rendered so.